Stevioside appear to be stable sweeteners. Stevioside, the main sweet component in the leaves of S. rebaudiana tastes about 300 times than sucrose (0.4% solution).
This plants leaves have been used for centuries to sweeten beverages and make tea. It has been shown that stevioside is not taken by the human body and none of the digestive enzyme from the gastro-intestinal tract different animals and man are able to degrade stevioside into steviol I, the aglycone of stevioside.
The significance of steviol is that, when metabolically activated, it produces a mutagen.
Steviol generation has been demonstrated in vitro with rat caecal flora and in vitro in rats but not in mammalian system systems. After several hours steviol was found in the blood of the animals, the maximum concentration occurring after 8 hours.
Stevioside is not approved by FDA as an additive nor accepted it as a GRAS substance, it cannot be used in the United States.
Stevioside as sweetener
Showing posts with label metabolism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label metabolism. Show all posts
Metabolism of aspartame
Unlike many other intense sweeteners, aspartame is metabolized by the body. Aspartame is metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract to aspartic acid, phenylalanine and methanol.
The aspartic acid is primarily used for energy through conversion to CO2 in the Krebs cycle. The phenylalanine is primarily incorporated into body protein, either unchanged or as tyrosine.
People with the rare human genetic disease, phenylketonuria have a deficiency in their ability to metabolize phenylalanine and unable to dispose of any excess phenylalanine. Their intake of this essential amino acid must be very strictly controlled from birth to adulthood.
Therefore, they must include phenylalanine content of aspartame in their dietary calculations. The accumulation of phenylalanine and its by–product is toxic to the developing nervous system, causing irreversible brain damage.
Aspartame is non-carcinogenic and has calorific value of approximately 3 cal/g. The level of daily consumption that is judged to be safe by the FDA is 50 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day.
The aspartic acid is primarily used for energy through conversion to CO2 in the Krebs cycle. The phenylalanine is primarily incorporated into body protein, either unchanged or as tyrosine.
People with the rare human genetic disease, phenylketonuria have a deficiency in their ability to metabolize phenylalanine and unable to dispose of any excess phenylalanine. Their intake of this essential amino acid must be very strictly controlled from birth to adulthood.
Therefore, they must include phenylalanine content of aspartame in their dietary calculations. The accumulation of phenylalanine and its by–product is toxic to the developing nervous system, causing irreversible brain damage.
Aspartame is non-carcinogenic and has calorific value of approximately 3 cal/g. The level of daily consumption that is judged to be safe by the FDA is 50 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day.
Metabolism of aspartame
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